Pengaruh Audit Tenure terhadap Earnings Management dengan Moderasi Financial Distress: Analisis Regresi Panel pada Perusahaan Properti dan Real Estate Indonesia
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh audit tenure terhadap earnings management serta menelaah bagaimana financial distress berperan sebagai variabel moderasi pada perusahaan properti dan real estate yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Studi ini dilandasi oleh kekhawatiran bahwa hubungan auditor dan klien yang berlangsung terlalu lama dapat menurunkan independensi auditor dan kualitas pengawasan laporan keuangan. Menggunakan metode kuantitatif, penelitian memilih 18 perusahaan melalui purposive sampling untuk periode 2017–2021, dengan total 90 observasi. Earnings management diukur menggunakan Model Healy, audit tenure dihitung berdasarkan durasi kerja sama auditor dengan perusahaan, dan financial distress diukur melalui Altman Z-score. Pengujian hubungan antarvariabel dilakukan dengan regresi panel menggunakan random effect model. Temuan penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa audit tenure tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap earnings management, sehingga panjangnya masa keterikatan auditor tidak berkaitan langsung dengan kecenderungan perusahaan memanipulasi laba. Di sisi lain, financial distress menunjukkan pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap earnings management, yang berarti kondisi keuangan yang lebih baik cenderung menurunkan praktik manipulasi laba. Selain itu, financial distress terbukti memoderasi hubungan audit tenure dan earnings management secara negatif, yang ditunjukkan oleh koefisien interaksi bernilai negatif. Artinya, semakin baik kondisi keuangan perusahaan, semakin melemah hubungan antara audit tenure dan manajemen laba. Hasil ini menekankan perlunya regulator maupun perusahaan memperhatikan kondisi finansial dalam mengidentifikasi risiko terjadinya earnings management.
Keywords:
Tenure, management, financial, keagenan, properti
References
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Kusuma, H., & Negara, S. (2016). Perbedaan Independensi Auditor Terkait Tenur Audit. In WAHANA (Vol. 19, Issue 1).
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Marco Bisogno, D. L. (2015). Financial Distress and Earnings Manipulation: Evidence from Italian SMEs. Journal of Accounting and Finance, 42-51.
Ngo, D. N., & Nguyen, C. V. (2022). Does the CEO’s financial and accounting expertise affect the financial reporting quality? Evidence from an emerging economy. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting.
Porta, R. L., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (2000). Investor protection and corporate governance. Journal of Financial Economics, Volume 58, Issues 1–2, 2000, Pages 3-27.
Rebuilding Public Confidence in Financial Reporting an Internasional Perspective, 2003
Tran, T. T., Nguyen, T. T., Pham, B. T., & Tran, P. T. (2022). Audit partner tenure and earnings management: evidence from Vietnam. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting.
Sanoran, K. (Lek). (2025). Corporate tax avoidance during the COVID-19 pandemic and the moderating role of audit firm tenure: evidence from Thailand. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-12-2024-0900
Suhasto, R. I., Anggraeny, S. N., & Kirowati, D. (2021). Analysis of Earnings Management in Cosmetics and Household Sub-Sector Companies. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Sistem Informasi, 6 (2): 180-184.
Tran, T. T. (2023). Audit partner tenure and earnings management: evidence from Vietnam. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting.
Zang, A. Y. (2012). Evidence on the Trade-off between real acitivites manipulation and accrual based earnings management. The Accounting Review, 675-703.
Agustin, D. P., & Amiranto, J. B. (2025). Pengaruh Kompetensi, Independensi, danPengalaman Auditor Terhadap Kualitas Audit Pada Kantor Akuntan Publik di Kota Surabaya. GEMAH RIPAH: Jurnal Bisnis, 5(02), 9–17. https://doi.org/10.69957/grjb.v5i02.2034
Ali Abedalqader Al‐Thuneibat, R. T. (2011). Do audit tenure and firm size contribute to audit quality? Empirical evidence from Jordan. Managerial Auditing Journal, 317-334.
Aloke Ghosh, S. S. (2018). Quasi Rents to Audit Firms from Longer Tenure. Accounting Horizons, 32 (2): 81 - 102.
Al-Thuneibat, A. A., Issa, R. T., & Baker, R. A. (2011). Do audit tenure and firm size contribute to audit quality? Empirical evidence from Jordan. Managerial Auditing Journal, Vol. 26 No. 4, 2011 pp. 317-334.
Becker, C. L., Defond, M. L., Jiambalvo, J., & Subramanyam, K. (1998). The Effect of Audit Quality on Earnings Management. Contemporary Accounting Research, 1-24.
Ben Rejeb, M., Alzyadat, S., & Merzki, N. (2025). Bank financial distress and earnings management strategies: evidence from MENA countries. Asian Review of Accounting, 33(1), 43–71. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-10-2023-0290
Berentsen, A., Bruegger, E., & Loertscher, S. (2008). On cheating, doping and whistleblowing. European Journal of Political Economy, Volume 24, Issue 2, June 2008, Pages 415-436.
Bjurman, A., & Weihagen, E. (2013). How reliable are earnings? A study about real activities manipulation and accrual-based management in Europe. Umea School of Business (Accessed 5 June 2015)
Bugeja, M. (2015). The impact of target firm financial distress in Australian takeover. Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 55(2), pages 361-396.
Campa, D., & Camacho-Miñano, M.-d.-M. (2015). The impact of SME’s pre-bankruptcy financial distress on earnings management tools. International Review of Financial Analysis, 222–234.
Campa, D. C.-M. (2014). Manipulación del resultado entre empresas concursadas no cotizadas: Evidencia en España. Revista Espanola de Financiacion y Contabilidad, 3-20.
Campa, Domenico, 2019. "Earnings management strategies during financial difficulties: A comparison between listed and unlisted French companies," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 457-471.
Chen, J., Chan, K.C., Dong, W., Zhang, F., 2017. Internal control and stock price crash risk: Evidence from China. Euro. Account. Rev. 26 (1), 125–152.
Chen, Y., Durand, P., & Wilson, M. D. (2017). Financial distress in eastern Europe: empirical evidence. Conference: DIAF 2017.
Daugherty, B. E., Dickins, D., Hatfield, R. C., & Higgs, J. L. (2012). An Examination of Partner Perceptions of Partner Rotation: Direct and Indirect Consequences to Audit Quality. AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 31 (1) :97-114.
Dewi, N. D. P. D. A., & Dewi, S. K. S. (2022). Analisis Tingkat Financial Distress Dengan Model Altman Z-Score dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Harga Saham (Studi Pada Perusahaan Asuransi di Bursa Efek Indonesia). E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 11(2), 338. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2022.v11.i02.p07
Durana, P., Valaskova, K., Chlebikova, D., Krastev, V., & Atanasova, I. (2020, 8, 57). Heads and Tails of Earnings Management: Quantitative Analysis in Emerging Countries. Risks
Garcia-Blandon, J., Argilés, J., & Ravenda, D. (2020). Audit firm tenure and audit quality: A cross‐European study. Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting, 31(1):35-64.
Ghosh, A., & Siriviriyakul, S. (. (2018). Quasi Rents to Audit Firms from Longer Tenure. ACCOUNTING HORIZONS, Vol. 32, No. 2, June 2018, pp. 81–102.
Hazami-Ammar, S. (2025). Related party transactions and financial distress: role of governance and audit attributes. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 21(4), 639–665. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-03-2024-0105
Inaam, Z. K. (2012). Audit Quality and Earnings Management in the Tunisian Context. International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting, 17.
Irmasari H, Sutrisno, & Roekhuddin. (2025). The Effect Of Good Corporate Governance On Earnings Management Actions with Audit Tenure as a Moderating Variable. https://doi.org/10.32812/jibeka.v19i1.2243
Jadiyappa, N., Vanga, N.R. and Krishnankutty, R. (2016), “Financial liberalisation and capital structuring decisions of corporate firms: evidence from India”, Economics Letters, Vol. 149, pp. 33-37
Jaggi, B., & Lee, P. (2002). Earnings Management Response to Debt Covenant Violations and Debt Restructuring. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, Volume 17, Issue 4.
Kusuma, H., & Negara, S. (2016). Perbedaan Independensi Auditor Terkait Tenur Audit. In WAHANA (Vol. 19, Issue 1).
Kurniawansyah, D. (2016). Pengaruh Audit Tenure, Ukuran Auditor, Spesialisasi Audit Dan Audit Capacity Stress Terhadap Manajemen Laba. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Bisnis Airlangga, 1-25.
Lee, L. F. 2012. “Incentives to Inflate Reported Cash from Operations Using Classification and Timing.” The Accounting Review 87 (1): 1–33.
Marco Bisogno, D. L. (2015). Financial Distress and Earnings Manipulation: Evidence from Italian SMEs. Journal of Accounting and Finance, 42-51.
Ngo, D. N., & Nguyen, C. V. (2022). Does the CEO’s financial and accounting expertise affect the financial reporting quality? Evidence from an emerging economy. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting.
Porta, R. L., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (2000). Investor protection and corporate governance. Journal of Financial Economics, Volume 58, Issues 1–2, 2000, Pages 3-27.
Rebuilding Public Confidence in Financial Reporting an Internasional Perspective, 2003
Tran, T. T., Nguyen, T. T., Pham, B. T., & Tran, P. T. (2022). Audit partner tenure and earnings management: evidence from Vietnam. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting.
Sanoran, K. (Lek). (2025). Corporate tax avoidance during the COVID-19 pandemic and the moderating role of audit firm tenure: evidence from Thailand. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-12-2024-0900
Suhasto, R. I., Anggraeny, S. N., & Kirowati, D. (2021). Analysis of Earnings Management in Cosmetics and Household Sub-Sector Companies. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Sistem Informasi, 6 (2): 180-184.
Tran, T. T. (2023). Audit partner tenure and earnings management: evidence from Vietnam. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting.
Zang, A. Y. (2012). Evidence on the Trade-off between real acitivites manipulation and accrual based earnings management. The Accounting Review, 675-703.
Published
2026-01-12
How to Cite
Khaled, J., Venni, R., Kuswara, S., & Kamil, I. (2026). Pengaruh Audit Tenure terhadap Earnings Management dengan Moderasi Financial Distress: Analisis Regresi Panel pada Perusahaan Properti dan Real Estate Indonesia. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Ekonomi Syariah), 9(1), 69-97. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v9i1.2362
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Articles
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