Human Capital Development and Employee Performance in the Indonesian Telecommunications Sector
Abstract
Despite extensive research examining the relationship between training, career development, and employee performance, empirical findings remain inconsistent, particularly in the telecommunications industry, where rapid technological change requires continuous human capital development. This study aims to analyze the effects of training and career development on employee performance at PT Telkomsel Medan Branch while providing empirical evidence from the perspective of Human Capital Theory. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey of 140 employees selected through the Slovin formula. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software. The findings indicate that both training and career development have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, both partially and simultaneously (p < 0.05). Career development demonstrates a stronger contribution to employee performance than training, highlighting the importance of integrating competency development with long-term career opportunities. These findings reinforce Human Capital Theory by emphasizing that organizational investment in employee competencies and career development contributes to improved organizational performance. The study provides practical implications for designing integrated human resource development strategies in the telecommunications sector.
Keywords:
Training, Career Development, Employee Performance
References
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Koto, M., Febriaty, H., & Nasution, S. M. A. (2019). The Effect of career adaptability and social support toward student careerself-efficacy. International Journal of Accounting & Finance in Asia Pasific (IJAFAP), 2(3), 54–64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32535/ijafap.v2i3.584
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Putri, A. N. L., & Frianto, A. (2022). Pengaruh Self-efficacy terhadap Job Satisfaction melalui Work Engagement pada karyawan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 10(1), 357–369.
Rismawati, Ihwanudin, C., Pangestu, D. T. U., Sumaryono, N. A., & Oktara, M. F. (2025). Strategi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Manusia Digital Di Pt Telkom Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Transformasi Teknologi. Inovasi Makro Ekonomi (IME), 7(3). https://doi.org/https://journalversa.com/s/index.php/ime/article/view/1770
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Sugiyono. (2022). Research methods for business students. Alfabeta.
Suryanto, T., & Rahmawati, I. (2022). Environmental financial literacy and green investment decision in Indonesia. Journal of Sustainable Business, 7(2), 89–102.
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Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Sage Publications.
Cronje, J. C. (2020). Designing Questions for Research Design and Design Research in e‑Learning. Electronic Journal of E-Learning, 18(1), pp13-24.
Daniel, P., Hamdyan, S., & Jumarti. (2025). Analisis pelatihan dan pengalaman kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Telkom Indonesia (Persero) Tbk wilayah telekomunikasi Kota Makassar. Macakka Journal of Management Studies, 1(2), 240–253.
Daulay, R., Kurnia, E., & Maulana, I. (2019). Dampak Faktor Motivasi dan Fasilitas Kerja Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan Pada Badan Usaha Milik Negara di Kota Medan. Proseding Seminar Nasional Kewirausahaan, 1(1), 209–218.
Firdaus, F., Lestari, N., Khusaini, K., & Mardah, S. (2025). Dampak pelatihan dan pengembangan karier terhadap produktivitas karyawan melalui motivasi kerja sebagai variabel intervening pada PT Cakra Kencana Lestari. Jurnal Riset Inspirasi Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, 9(2), 158–170. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35130/nd92av81
Ghozali, I. (2019). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program Ibm Spss. Universitas Diponegoro.
Harahap, S. F., & Tirtayasa, S. (2020). “Pengaruh Motivasi, Disiplin, Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Di PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) Kantor Cabang Kualanamu.” Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 3(1), 120–135.
Hasanah, H. (2016). TEKNIK-TEKNIK OBSERVASI (Sebuah Alternatif Metode Pengumpulan Data Kualitatif Ilmu-ilmu Sosial). Fakultas Dakwah Dan Komunikasi Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, 8(1), 21–46. https://doi.org/10.21580/at.v8i1.1163
Hasibuan, J. S., & Bayzura, N. (2021). The Effect of Transformational Leadership, Compensation and Motivation on Employee Performance at PT Asam Jawa Medan. Journal of International Conference Proceedings (JICP), 4(2), 584–591.
Hosen, S., Hamzah, S. R., Ismail, I. A., Alias, S. N., Aziz, M. F. A., & Rahman, M. M. (2024). Training & development, career development, and organizational commitment as the predictor of work performance. Heliyon, 10(1).
Hudin, A. M., & Budiani, M. S. (2021). Hubungan antara Workplace Well-Being dengan Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. X di Sidoarjo. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 8(4), 1–11.
Ihwanudin, C., Pangestu, D. T. U., Sumaryono, N. A., & Oktara, M. F. (2025). Strategi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Manusia Digital Di Pt Telkom Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Transformasi Teknologi. Inovasi Makro Ekonomi (IME), 7(3).
Ilahi, R. R., & Lestari, T. (2025). Pengaruh pelatihan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia terhadap produktivitas karyawan yang berkelanjutan pada PT Prabu Mitra Teknik. Jurnal Manajemen Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi, 1(4), 384–392. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.63921/jmaeka.v1i4.186
Irfan, M., Rahman, S., Azis, Y., & Widianto, S. (2023). Defense industry business performance model in developing countries. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 21(2), 172–186.
Jufrizen, J. (2018). Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero) Medan. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 15(1), 37–47.
Jufrizen, Rizki, B. O., & Arif, M. (2022). Mediation Role of Work Motivation : Organizational Commitment and Work Involvement on Employee Performance. International Journal Of Business Economics (IJBE), 4(1), 18–33.
Juliandi, A., Irfan, I., & Manurung, S. (2018). Mengolah Data Penelitian Bisnis Dengan SPSS. Lembaga Penelitian dan Penulisan Ilmiah AQLI.
Julita, & Arianty, N. (2019). Independensi Entrepeneur With Digital Marketing. Journal of International Conference Proceedings, 2(3), 116–121. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32535/jicp.v2i3.652
Khairunisa, K., Hapsari, D. W., & Aminah, W. (2017). Kualitas Audit, Corporate Social Responsibility, dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Tax Avoidance. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Kontempore, Universitas Telkom, 9(1), 39–46.
Kidd, J. C., Short, K., Earley, J., & Beckett, S. (2024). Parent training of early language facilitation skills: parent and child outcomes from a large-scale effectiveness study in a diverse clinical population. Speech Language and Hearing, 28(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/2050571X.2024.2377906
Kloutsiniotis, P. V., & Mihail, D. M. (2020). The effects of high performance work systems in employees’ service-oriented OCB. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 90(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102610
Koto, M., Febriaty, H., & Nasution, S. M. A. (2019). The Effect of career adaptability and social support toward student careerself-efficacy. International Journal of Accounting & Finance in Asia Pasific (IJAFAP), 2(3), 54–64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32535/ijafap.v2i3.584
Kusuma, E. A. (2021). Transformasi digital industri telekomunikasi di era disrupsi: integrasi manajemen strategis human capital dan budaya organisasi pada PT. Telkom Indonesia (Persero) TBK. STIESIA JOURNAL. https://repository.stiesia.ac.id/id/eprint/7439
Lamonge, A. S., Rakinaung, N. E., & Heryana, N. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif: Perhitungan Manual Dan SPSS. Get Press Indonesia.
Lesmana, M. T., Nasution, A. E., & Handoko, D. T. (2022). The Role of Employee Job Satisfaction: Work Discipline and Work Environment. Journal of International Conference Proceedings (JICP), 5(2), 546–557. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32535/jicp.v5i2.1718
Mahmood, S., Sun, H., Iqbal, A., Alhussan, A. A., & El-Kenawy, E. M. (2024). Green finance, sustainable infrastructure, and green technology innovation: pathways to achieving sustainable development goals in the belt and road initiative. Environmental Research Communications, 6(10). https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad898f
Meijerink, J., Bos-Nehles, A., & De Leede, J. (2020). How Employees‘ Proactivity Translates High-Commitment Hrm Systems Into Work Engagement: The Mediating Role Of Job Crafting. International Journal Of Human Resource Management, 31(22), 2893–2918.
Mohsin, F. (2018). The Linkage Between Career Growth, Work Engagement And Organizational Citizenship Behavior: An Insight. International Journal Of Scientific And Research Publications, 5(5), 1–4.
Muliadi, D. (2025). Analisis pengaruh pelatihan dan pengembangan karyawan terhadap produktivitas kerja di perusahaan Sinar Maju Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Akuntansi, 31(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59725/ema.v31i1.174
Nation, I. C. (2021). Program Inkubasi dan Akselerasi Startup. PT Telkom Indonesia.
Nugroho, M., & Pamungkas Putro, B. D. (2021). Peningkatan Kinerja Berbasis Manajemen Bakat, Servant Leadership Dan Komitmen Organisasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 22(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.30596/jimb.v22i1.5147
Prayogi, M. A., Lemana, M. T., & Siregar, L. H. (2019). The influence of communication and work discipline to employee performance. First International Conference on Administration Science (ICAS 2019), 423–426. https://doi.org/10.2991/icas-19.2019.88
Putri, A. N. L., & Frianto, A. (2022). Pengaruh Self-efficacy terhadap Job Satisfaction melalui Work Engagement pada karyawan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 10(1), 357–369.
Rismawati, Ihwanudin, C., Pangestu, D. T. U., Sumaryono, N. A., & Oktara, M. F. (2025). Strategi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Manusia Digital Di Pt Telkom Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Transformasi Teknologi. Inovasi Makro Ekonomi (IME), 7(3). https://doi.org/https://journalversa.com/s/index.php/ime/article/view/1770
Rumawas, W. (2018). The Role of Human Capital to the Improvement of Employee Performance in Fisheries Companies in North Sulawesi Province. International Journal of Applied Business and International Management, 3(2), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.32535/ijabim.v3i2.160
Septiani, S., Munir, S., Lestari, D. F., Chakim, M. H. R., Lazuardini, A. D., Sudrajat, Y., Annas, M., & Budiman, D. (2024). Manajemen pelatihan dan pengembangan karyawan. Sada Kurnia Pustaka. https://books.google.com.my/books?id=7lk6EQAAQBAJ
Siswadi, Y., & Fahmi, M. (2023). The Role of Employee Performance : The Influence of Training and Employee Motivation. MICEB Proceeding Medan International Conference Economics and Business, 2367–2379.
Sugiyono. (2022). Research methods for business students. Alfabeta.
Suryanto, T., & Rahmawati, I. (2022). Environmental financial literacy and green investment decision in Indonesia. Journal of Sustainable Business, 7(2), 89–102.
Tanjung, M. D. S. H. (2020). Pengaruh Kompetensi, Pelatihan dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Manajer : Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 2(3), 329. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32832/manager.v2i3.3706
Vardarlier, P. (2019). Digital Transformation of Human Resource Management: Digital Applications and Strategic Tools in HRM. Contributions to Management Science. Springer;Società Italiana Di Statistica, 239–264.
Wahyudi, W. D., & Tupti, Z. (2019). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Motivasi dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 2(1). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30596%2Fmaneggio.v2i1.3363
Published
2026-07-10
How to Cite
Yusnandar, W., & Tanjung, I. (2026). Human Capital Development and Employee Performance in the Indonesian Telecommunications Sector. Jesya, 9(2), 1691-1700. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v9i2.2890
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Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
