Pengaruh Penghargaan, Pelatihan dan Pengembangan serta Kepemimpinan Terhadap Keterikatan Karyawan (Studi Kasus pada Karyawan Hotel Berbintang di Kepulauan Riau)
Abstract
ndustri perhotelan di Indonesia sejak tahun 2019 telah berkembang pesat di Indonesia. Salah satunya di Kepulauan Riau, jumlah hotel berbintang dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2018 sejumlah 456 hotel ke tahun 2020 menjadi sejumlah 462 hotel (BPS, 2020). Seiring berkembangnya industri ini maka diperlukan banyaknya jumlah sumber daya manusia dalam menjalankan operasional bisnis hotel tersebut.
Kesuksesan operasional bisnis hotel bergantung dengan kinerja sumber daya manusianya atau karyawannya. Karyawan mampu berkinerja bagus apabila memiliki keterikatan (engagement) terhadap hotelnya. Untuk mengetahui keterikatan karyawan, penulis perlu mendalami berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi keterikatan karyawan sehingga kinerja operasional bisnis hotel tetap optimal dan efisien. Pada penelitian ini faktor-faktor yang akan diteliti adalah penghargaan, pelatihan dan pengembangan serta kepemimpinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendalami pengaruh faktor-faktor tersebut dalam mempengaruhi keterikatan karyawan pada industri perhotelan, sehingga manajemen hotel mampu menjaga keterikatan (engangement) mereka untuk terus bersemangat dalam pekerjaan mereka.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan variabel kepemimpinan dan pelatihan dan pengembangan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap keterikatan kary karyawan, sedangkan variabel penghargaan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keterikatan karyawan.
Keywords:
Keterikatan Karyawan, Kepemimpinan, Penghargaan, Pelatihan
References
AbuKhalifeh, A. N., & Som, A. P. M. (2013). The antecedents affecting employee engagement and organizational performance. Asian Social Science. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n7p41
Andrew, O. C., & Sofian, S. (2012). Individual Factors and Work Outcomes of Employee Engagement. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.222
Armstrong, J. (2009). OFDM for Optical Communications(Invited Tutorial). Journal of Lightwave Technology, 27(3), 189–204.
Bakker, A. B. (2011). An evidence-based model of work engagement. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(4), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411414534
Billsberry, J. (2009). The Social Construction of Leadership Education. Journal of Leadership Education. https://doi.org/10.12806/v8/i2/ab1
Chang, K. C. (2016). Effect of servicescape on customer behavioral intentions: Moderating roles of service climate and employee engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 53, 116–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.12.003
Chen, C. Y., Yen, C. H., & Tsai, F. C. (2014). Job crafting and job engagement: The mediating role of person-job fit. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 37, 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.10.006
Datche, E., & Mukulu, E. (2015). The effects of transformational leadership on employee engagement: A survey of civil service in Kenya. Issues in Business Management and Economics, 3(1), 9–16.
Dian, Z., & Putra, P. (2014). Demographic Factors, Corporate Social Responsibility, Employee Engagement and Corporate Reputation: A Perspective From Hotel Industries In Indonesia. Chinese Business Review, 13(08), 509–520. https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2014.08.004
Eldor, L. (2016). Work Engagement: Toward a General Theoretical Enriching Model. Human Resource Development Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484316655666
Ferrer, J. (2005). Employee engagement : Is it organisational commitment renamed? Victoria, 1–13.
Geldenhuys, M., Łaba, K., & Venter, C. M. (2014). Meaningful work, work engagement and organisational commitment. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v40i1.1098
Hassan, S., Hassan, M. U., & Shoaib, M. (2014). Measuring the impact of perceived organization support, psychological empowerment and rewards on employees’ satisfaction: Testing the mediating impact of employee engagement. World Applied Sciences Journal, 30(5), 652–660. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.30.05.14094
Ibrar, M., & Khan, O. (2015). The Impact of Reward on Employee Performance (A Case Study of Malakand Private School). International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 52(2005), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.52.95
Jaharuddin, N. S., & Zainol, L. N. (2019). The Impact of Work-Life Balance on Job Engagement and Turnover Intention. The South East Asian Journal of Management. https://doi.org/10.21002/seam.v13i1.10912
Jung, H. S., & Yoon, H. H. (2018). Improving frontline service employees’ innovative behavior using conflict management in the hospitality industry: The mediating role of engagement. Tourism Management, 69(September 2017), 498–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.06.035
Kahn, W. A. (1990). PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF PERSONAL ENGAGEMENT AND DISENGAGEMENT AT WORK. Academy of Management Journal. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287
Karatepe, O. M. (2013). High-performance work practices and hotel employee performance: The mediation of work engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 32(1), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.05.003
Karatepe, O. M. (2014). Hope, Work Engagement, and Organizationally Valued Performance Outcomes: An Empirical Study in the Hotel Industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 23(6), 678–698. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2014.855994
Karatepe, O. M., Karadas, G., Azar, A. K., & Naderiadib, N. (2013). Does Work Engagement Mediate the Effect of Polychronicity on Performance Outcomes? A Study in the Hospitality Industry in Northern Cyprus. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality and Tourism, 12(1), 52–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332845.2013.723266
Khan, D., Arif, M., & Rehman, M. (2015). IMPACT OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION AT PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE. IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS).
Khuong, M. N., & Yen, N. H. (2014). The effects of leadership styles and sociability trait emotional intelligence on employee engagement - A study in Binh Duong City, Vietnam. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, 2(1), 121–136.
Lee, Y. K., Kim, S., & Kim, S. Y. (2014). The Impact of Internal Branding on Employee Engagement and Outcome Variables in the Hotel Industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19(12), 1359–1380. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2013.863790
Li, X., Sanders, K., & Frenkel, S. (2012). How leader-member exchange, work engagement and HRM consistency explain Chinese luxury hotel employees’ job performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(4), 1059–1066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.01.002
Liu, J., Cho, S., & Putra, E. D. (2017). The moderating effect of self-efficacy and gender on work engagement for restaurant employees in the United States. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(1), 624–642. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-10-2015-0539
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological capital: Investing and developing positive organizational behavior. In Positive Organizational Behavior. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446212752.n2
Milliman, J., Gatling, A., & Kim, J. (Sunny). (2018). The effect of workplace spirituality on hospitality employee engagement, intention to stay, and service delivery. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 35, 56–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2018.03.002
Msengeti, D. M., & Obwogi, J. (2014). Effects of Pay and Work Environment on Employee Retention: A Study of Hotel Industry in Mombasa County. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(1), 2250–3153.
Ram, P., & Prabhakar, G. V. (2011). An enquiry into the mediatory role of employee engagement: Evidence from the hotel industry in Jordan. Far East Journal of Psychology & Business, 5(2), 41–59.
Richman, A. (2006). Everyone Wants an Engaged Workforce; How Can You Create It? Workspan.
Robertson, I. T., & Cooper, C. L. (2010). Full engagement: The integration of employee engagement and psychological well-being. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 31(4), 324–336. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731011043348
Rubel, M. R. B., Rimi, N. N., Yusliza, M. Y., & Kee, D. M. H. (2018). High commitment human resource management practices and employee service behaviour: Trust in management as mediator. IIMB Management Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2018.05.006
Sadiqe, M. (2014). Employee Engagement in Hospitality Industry in India: An Overview. Global Journal of Finance and Management, 6(4), 975–6477.
Seneewong, J., Ayutthaya, N., Tuntivivat, S., & Prasertsin, U. (2016). The effect of positive psychological capital and Organizational climate on service quality: The mediation role of work engagement of hotel service employees in Ratchaburi province. Journal of Administrative and Business Studies, 2(4), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.20474/jabs-2.4.3
Shaw, K. (2005). An engagement strategy process for communicators. Strategic Communication Management.
Slåtten, T., & Mehmetoglu, M. (2011). Antecedents and effects of engaged frontline employees: A study from the hospitality industry. In Managing Service Quality. https://doi.org/10.1108/09604521111100261
Subrahmaniam, S. (2013). CG&A with eye tracking for cognitive behavior analysis and psychoanalysis. Proceedings - 2013 6th International Conference on Developments in ESystems Engineering, DeSE 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/DeSE.2013.32
Tahir, N., Yousafzai, I. K., Yousafzai, I. K., Jan, D. S., & Hashim, M. (2014). The Impact of Training and Development on Employees Performance and Productivity A case study of United Bank Limited Peshawar City, KPK, Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(4), 86–98. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v4-i4/756
Tsaur, S. H., Hsu, F. S., & Lin, H. (2019). Workplace fun and work engagement in tourism and hospitality: The role of psychological capital. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 81(March), 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.03.016
Wang, G., Oh, I. S., Courtright, S. H., & Colbert, A. E. (2011). Transformational leadership and performance across criteria and levels: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of research. Group and Organization Management, 36(2), 223–270. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601111401017
Xu, J., & Thomas, H. C. (2011). How can leaders achieve high employee engagement. Leadership and Organization Development Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731111134661
ZAINOL, S. S. B., HUSSIN, S. binti M., & OTHMAN, M. S. binti. (2016). Determinants of Employee Engagement in Hotel Industry in Malaysia. A Theoretical Model. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarafms/v6-i3/2146
AbuKhalifeh, A. N., & Som, A. P. M. (2013). The antecedents affecting employee engagement and organizational performance. Asian Social Science. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n7p41
Andrew, O. C., & Sofian, S. (2012). Individual Factors and Work Outcomes of Employee Engagement. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.222
Armstrong, J. (2009). OFDM for Optical Communications(Invited Tutorial). Journal of Lightwave Technology, 27(3), 189–204.
Bakker, A. B. (2011). An evidence-based model of work engagement. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(4), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411414534
Billsberry, J. (2009). The Social Construction of Leadership Education. Journal of Leadership Education. https://doi.org/10.12806/v8/i2/ab1
Chang, K. C. (2016). Effect of servicescape on customer behavioral intentions: Moderating roles of service climate and employee engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 53, 116–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.12.003
Chen, C. Y., Yen, C. H., & Tsai, F. C. (2014). Job crafting and job engagement: The mediating role of person-job fit. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 37, 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.10.006
Datche, E., & Mukulu, E. (2015). The effects of transformational leadership on employee engagement: A survey of civil service in Kenya. Issues in Business Management and Economics, 3(1), 9–16.
Dian, Z., & Putra, P. (2014). Demographic Factors, Corporate Social Responsibility, Employee Engagement and Corporate Reputation: A Perspective From Hotel Industries In Indonesia. Chinese Business Review, 13(08), 509–520. https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2014.08.004
Eldor, L. (2016). Work Engagement: Toward a General Theoretical Enriching Model. Human Resource Development Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484316655666
Ferrer, J. (2005). Employee engagement : Is it organisational commitment renamed? Victoria, 1–13.
Geldenhuys, M., Łaba, K., & Venter, C. M. (2014). Meaningful work, work engagement and organisational commitment. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v40i1.1098
Hassan, S., Hassan, M. U., & Shoaib, M. (2014). Measuring the impact of perceived organization support, psychological empowerment and rewards on employees’ satisfaction: Testing the mediating impact of employee engagement. World Applied Sciences Journal, 30(5), 652–660. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.30.05.14094
Ibrar, M., & Khan, O. (2015). The Impact of Reward on Employee Performance (A Case Study of Malakand Private School). International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 52(2005), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.52.95
Jaharuddin, N. S., & Zainol, L. N. (2019). The Impact of Work-Life Balance on Job Engagement and Turnover Intention. The South East Asian Journal of Management. https://doi.org/10.21002/seam.v13i1.10912
Jung, H. S., & Yoon, H. H. (2018). Improving frontline service employees’ innovative behavior using conflict management in the hospitality industry: The mediating role of engagement. Tourism Management, 69(September 2017), 498–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.06.035
Kahn, W. A. (1990). PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF PERSONAL ENGAGEMENT AND DISENGAGEMENT AT WORK. Academy of Management Journal. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287
Karatepe, O. M. (2013). High-performance work practices and hotel employee performance: The mediation of work engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 32(1), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.05.003
Karatepe, O. M. (2014). Hope, Work Engagement, and Organizationally Valued Performance Outcomes: An Empirical Study in the Hotel Industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 23(6), 678–698. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2014.855994
Karatepe, O. M., Karadas, G., Azar, A. K., & Naderiadib, N. (2013). Does Work Engagement Mediate the Effect of Polychronicity on Performance Outcomes? A Study in the Hospitality Industry in Northern Cyprus. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality and Tourism, 12(1), 52–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332845.2013.723266
Khan, D., Arif, M., & Rehman, M. (2015). IMPACT OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION AT PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE. IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS).
Khuong, M. N., & Yen, N. H. (2014). The effects of leadership styles and sociability trait emotional intelligence on employee engagement - A study in Binh Duong City, Vietnam. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, 2(1), 121–136.
Lee, Y. K., Kim, S., & Kim, S. Y. (2014). The Impact of Internal Branding on Employee Engagement and Outcome Variables in the Hotel Industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19(12), 1359–1380. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2013.863790
Li, X., Sanders, K., & Frenkel, S. (2012). How leader-member exchange, work engagement and HRM consistency explain Chinese luxury hotel employees’ job performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(4), 1059–1066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.01.002
Liu, J., Cho, S., & Putra, E. D. (2017). The moderating effect of self-efficacy and gender on work engagement for restaurant employees in the United States. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(1), 624–642. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-10-2015-0539
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological capital: Investing and developing positive organizational behavior. In Positive Organizational Behavior. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446212752.n2
Milliman, J., Gatling, A., & Kim, J. (Sunny). (2018). The effect of workplace spirituality on hospitality employee engagement, intention to stay, and service delivery. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 35, 56–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2018.03.002
Msengeti, D. M., & Obwogi, J. (2014). Effects of Pay and Work Environment on Employee Retention: A Study of Hotel Industry in Mombasa County. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(1), 2250–3153.
Ram, P., & Prabhakar, G. V. (2011). An enquiry into the mediatory role of employee engagement: Evidence from the hotel industry in Jordan. Far East Journal of Psychology & Business, 5(2), 41–59.
Richman, A. (2006). Everyone Wants an Engaged Workforce; How Can You Create It? Workspan.
Robertson, I. T., & Cooper, C. L. (2010). Full engagement: The integration of employee engagement and psychological well-being. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 31(4), 324–336. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731011043348
Rubel, M. R. B., Rimi, N. N., Yusliza, M. Y., & Kee, D. M. H. (2018). High commitment human resource management practices and employee service behaviour: Trust in management as mediator. IIMB Management Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2018.05.006
Sadiqe, M. (2014). Employee Engagement in Hospitality Industry in India: An Overview. Global Journal of Finance and Management, 6(4), 975–6477.
Seneewong, J., Ayutthaya, N., Tuntivivat, S., & Prasertsin, U. (2016). The effect of positive psychological capital and Organizational climate on service quality: The mediation role of work engagement of hotel service employees in Ratchaburi province. Journal of Administrative and Business Studies, 2(4), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.20474/jabs-2.4.3
Shaw, K. (2005). An engagement strategy process for communicators. Strategic Communication Management.
Slåtten, T., & Mehmetoglu, M. (2011). Antecedents and effects of engaged frontline employees: A study from the hospitality industry. In Managing Service Quality. https://doi.org/10.1108/09604521111100261
Subrahmaniam, S. (2013). CG&A with eye tracking for cognitive behavior analysis and psychoanalysis. Proceedings - 2013 6th International Conference on Developments in ESystems Engineering, DeSE 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/DeSE.2013.32
Tahir, N., Yousafzai, I. K., Yousafzai, I. K., Jan, D. S., & Hashim, M. (2014). The Impact of Training and Development on Employees Performance and Productivity A case study of United Bank Limited Peshawar City, KPK, Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(4), 86–98. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v4-i4/756
Tsaur, S. H., Hsu, F. S., & Lin, H. (2019). Workplace fun and work engagement in tourism and hospitality: The role of psychological capital. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 81(March), 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.03.016
Wang, G., Oh, I. S., Courtright, S. H., & Colbert, A. E. (2011). Transformational leadership and performance across criteria and levels: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of research. Group and Organization Management, 36(2), 223–270. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601111401017
Xu, J., & Thomas, H. C. (2011). How can leaders achieve high employee engagement. Leadership and Organization Development Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731111134661
ZAINOL, S. S. B., HUSSIN, S. binti M., & OTHMAN, M. S. binti. (2016). Determinants of Employee Engagement in Hotel Industry in Malaysia. A Theoretical Model. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarafms/v6-i3/2146
Andrew, O. C., & Sofian, S. (2012). Individual Factors and Work Outcomes of Employee Engagement. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.222
Armstrong, J. (2009). OFDM for Optical Communications(Invited Tutorial). Journal of Lightwave Technology, 27(3), 189–204.
Bakker, A. B. (2011). An evidence-based model of work engagement. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(4), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411414534
Billsberry, J. (2009). The Social Construction of Leadership Education. Journal of Leadership Education. https://doi.org/10.12806/v8/i2/ab1
Chang, K. C. (2016). Effect of servicescape on customer behavioral intentions: Moderating roles of service climate and employee engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 53, 116–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.12.003
Chen, C. Y., Yen, C. H., & Tsai, F. C. (2014). Job crafting and job engagement: The mediating role of person-job fit. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 37, 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.10.006
Datche, E., & Mukulu, E. (2015). The effects of transformational leadership on employee engagement: A survey of civil service in Kenya. Issues in Business Management and Economics, 3(1), 9–16.
Dian, Z., & Putra, P. (2014). Demographic Factors, Corporate Social Responsibility, Employee Engagement and Corporate Reputation: A Perspective From Hotel Industries In Indonesia. Chinese Business Review, 13(08), 509–520. https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2014.08.004
Eldor, L. (2016). Work Engagement: Toward a General Theoretical Enriching Model. Human Resource Development Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484316655666
Ferrer, J. (2005). Employee engagement : Is it organisational commitment renamed? Victoria, 1–13.
Geldenhuys, M., Łaba, K., & Venter, C. M. (2014). Meaningful work, work engagement and organisational commitment. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v40i1.1098
Hassan, S., Hassan, M. U., & Shoaib, M. (2014). Measuring the impact of perceived organization support, psychological empowerment and rewards on employees’ satisfaction: Testing the mediating impact of employee engagement. World Applied Sciences Journal, 30(5), 652–660. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.30.05.14094
Ibrar, M., & Khan, O. (2015). The Impact of Reward on Employee Performance (A Case Study of Malakand Private School). International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 52(2005), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.52.95
Jaharuddin, N. S., & Zainol, L. N. (2019). The Impact of Work-Life Balance on Job Engagement and Turnover Intention. The South East Asian Journal of Management. https://doi.org/10.21002/seam.v13i1.10912
Jung, H. S., & Yoon, H. H. (2018). Improving frontline service employees’ innovative behavior using conflict management in the hospitality industry: The mediating role of engagement. Tourism Management, 69(September 2017), 498–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.06.035
Kahn, W. A. (1990). PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF PERSONAL ENGAGEMENT AND DISENGAGEMENT AT WORK. Academy of Management Journal. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287
Karatepe, O. M. (2013). High-performance work practices and hotel employee performance: The mediation of work engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 32(1), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.05.003
Karatepe, O. M. (2014). Hope, Work Engagement, and Organizationally Valued Performance Outcomes: An Empirical Study in the Hotel Industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 23(6), 678–698. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2014.855994
Karatepe, O. M., Karadas, G., Azar, A. K., & Naderiadib, N. (2013). Does Work Engagement Mediate the Effect of Polychronicity on Performance Outcomes? A Study in the Hospitality Industry in Northern Cyprus. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality and Tourism, 12(1), 52–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332845.2013.723266
Khan, D., Arif, M., & Rehman, M. (2015). IMPACT OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION AT PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE. IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS).
Khuong, M. N., & Yen, N. H. (2014). The effects of leadership styles and sociability trait emotional intelligence on employee engagement - A study in Binh Duong City, Vietnam. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, 2(1), 121–136.
Lee, Y. K., Kim, S., & Kim, S. Y. (2014). The Impact of Internal Branding on Employee Engagement and Outcome Variables in the Hotel Industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19(12), 1359–1380. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2013.863790
Li, X., Sanders, K., & Frenkel, S. (2012). How leader-member exchange, work engagement and HRM consistency explain Chinese luxury hotel employees’ job performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(4), 1059–1066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.01.002
Liu, J., Cho, S., & Putra, E. D. (2017). The moderating effect of self-efficacy and gender on work engagement for restaurant employees in the United States. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(1), 624–642. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-10-2015-0539
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological capital: Investing and developing positive organizational behavior. In Positive Organizational Behavior. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446212752.n2
Milliman, J., Gatling, A., & Kim, J. (Sunny). (2018). The effect of workplace spirituality on hospitality employee engagement, intention to stay, and service delivery. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 35, 56–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2018.03.002
Msengeti, D. M., & Obwogi, J. (2014). Effects of Pay and Work Environment on Employee Retention: A Study of Hotel Industry in Mombasa County. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(1), 2250–3153.
Ram, P., & Prabhakar, G. V. (2011). An enquiry into the mediatory role of employee engagement: Evidence from the hotel industry in Jordan. Far East Journal of Psychology & Business, 5(2), 41–59.
Richman, A. (2006). Everyone Wants an Engaged Workforce; How Can You Create It? Workspan.
Robertson, I. T., & Cooper, C. L. (2010). Full engagement: The integration of employee engagement and psychological well-being. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 31(4), 324–336. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731011043348
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Xu, J., & Thomas, H. C. (2011). How can leaders achieve high employee engagement. Leadership and Organization Development Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731111134661
ZAINOL, S. S. B., HUSSIN, S. binti M., & OTHMAN, M. S. binti. (2016). Determinants of Employee Engagement in Hotel Industry in Malaysia. A Theoretical Model. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarafms/v6-i3/2146
Published
2022-02-11
How to Cite
Khadafi, M., & Lestari, I. (2022). Pengaruh Penghargaan, Pelatihan dan Pengembangan serta Kepemimpinan Terhadap Keterikatan Karyawan (Studi Kasus pada Karyawan Hotel Berbintang di Kepulauan Riau). Jesya, 5(1), 1106-1114. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v5i1.699
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Articles
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